Engine construction



N. P. LEVIN.

ENGINE CONSTRUCTION APPLICATION FILED JUNE' 3.191s.

1,405,235, Patented Jan. 31,1922. L3

3mm jyizihan P .Lerv'n clawm a To all whom it may concern UNITED STATES NATHAN P. LEVIN, OF DETROIT MICHIGAN.

ENGINE .ooNsraucTron.

Specification of Letters Patent. Ja,n,- 31, 1922,

4 Application filed June 3, 1918. Serial No. 237,885.

- Be it known that I, NATHAN I. Lnvrv, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Detroit, in the county 0t \Vayne and State "of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engine Constructions, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to engines and refers more'particularly to engines of the internal combustion type.

Among the objects of the invention isto increase the horsepower output through increasing the volumetric efticiencyof the en gine. The invention also resides in the novel arrangement for securing this result by 1ncreasing the valve capacity and also in arranging the parts so that each valve per. 7 V I v e 1 'ated' by a-rock-arm'K and rod K from the forms a double function.

Among other features of the invention is the arrangement whereby the valve operat ing cam can be shaped to hold the valve open during double ormore than double the time that the valves. are normally held open ina four cycle engine; that'is, in the present construction the valve is held open during the whole of the intake and exhaust port on of the cycle, thus permitting the maximum lift at'the point where the valve starts to function as an intake valve; to provide a construction'which can be applied to ordinary gas engines of standard construction without material change; and-in general to provide an improved and simplified construction of the character above referred to.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of an engine cylinder embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a cross-section on line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a view showing a slightly modified construction;

Figure 4 is a cross-section on line 4& of

Figure 1.

Describing in detail the particular em-; bodiment of my invention shown in the drawings, A designates a cylinder of an internal combustion engine and B the cylinder head the atmosphere, the opening being controlled by the usual butterfly valve F. An addi-' tional throttle valve G is preferably employed just above the valve-seat and there may also be employedthe usual auxiliary air port G opening into the passageway D.

1 Communication between the passageway D and the interiorof the cylinder is controlled bya poppet valve Hiwhich is normally held to its seat C 'byra spring H sleeved upon the stem H It'wi-ll be noted that there is but a single passageway leading to the interior of the cylinder and that this passageway is controlled by a "single valve "H although it will, of course, be understood that one or more valves, all operating in the same manner,can be employed.

The discharge end'I of the carburetor J is positioned in the passageway D so as to carbureter is controlled'by a valve .J opercam K on thecam-shaft'li. Thisishaft also has acam L which is connected by a rod L to the rock-arm L the end of which extends ove'rthe top'ot the stem H of the valve-H.

These cams'are so arranged that the camL L will hold the rod L in liftedposition in eX- cess of 180 ofmovement of tlie'cam-shaft L, while-theeam K holds the rod K in lifted position "throughou't270 of movement of the cam-shaft L, thus allowing nozzle I to "be I reter and the usualexplosion,compression and exhaust strokes. Moreover, this construction does not compel the least variation from. standard four cycle practice. Thus for example the carburation, the duration of each cycle, the timing of the valves and ignition, the manner of priming the engine, the throttle control and other parts canbe the same as in the standard automobile or aeroplane engine, and my invention can be applied to ordinary four cycle engines by simply substituting a different cylinder head.

In the present novel arrangement of parts the valve H is held open during both the exhaust and the suction strokes. By this arrangement the cam L canbe shaped to exhaust stroke this valve will have reached its greatest degree of opening and stand in cause a relatively wide open-in of the valve 1 H and at the time of comp etion of the under the old practice in fourcycle engines.-

this position at the start of the suction stroke. WVhen the piston B starts downward on its suction stroke the cam K will have permitted the opening of the fuel valve J by the spring J so that the inrushing'air will carry with it a proportionate amount of fuel and vaporize it as it passes into the cylinder.

From the above description it will be obvious that a great increase in the horsepower output, due to the increase in the volumetric efliciency of the engine, will be produced, owing to the fact that a larger number of valves can be employed for a given size of cylinder. Thus if the cylinder head was arranged to accommodate four valves in the ordinary engine, two of these would be used for exhaust and two for intake, whereas in my construction the entire four valves would be used both for exhaust and for intake, thus doubling the opening through which fuel can be taken into the cylinder. Also since the valve is held open in excess of 180 of movement of the cam-shaft and is at its widest open position at the start ofthe suetion stroke, each valve will afford more than twice the amount of opening that it would Combining these two features it will be understood that at least four times the valve opening is provided for the same size of valve.

This type of engine is peculiarly adapted for aeroplane work as it gives a wide open exhaust and is capable of operating efiiciently at very high speeds. By using a single control valve for the inlet and exhaust, the incoming air will tend to extract heat from the valve, thus keeping the latter cool to a proper temperature. Also the rapid motion of the aeroplane relative to the air will tend to dissipate the exhaust gases from around the valve.

Not only is the engine one of great 'eflieieney, but owingto the minimum number 7 of working parts and the simplicity of construction it can be very economically constructed. Various changes, however, in the number of valves and in the arrangements and combinations of the passageways can be made. One such modification is shown in Figure 3 in which the passageway D of Figure 1 is omitted and the air and fuel are admitted' into the spider construction M just above the valve seat C.

lVhat I claim as my invention is 1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder, a passage-way leading therefrom forming both an inlet and an exhaust opening and having a venturi portion, a valve controlling said passage way for both inlet and exhaust purposes, a liquid fuel discharge nozzle extending into and opening within said venturi, portion, a second valve controlling said discharge nozzle, and means for actuating said valves in proper timed relation.

2. In an internal combustion engine of the four cycle type, the combination with the cylinder thereof, of a passage-way leading therefrom forming the inlet, and exhaust opening, and having a venturi portion and a single external orifice, a single valve controlling said passage-way for both inletand exhaust purposes, a liquid fuel discharge nozzle opening into said venturi portion, a second, valve controlling said discharge nozzle, and means for actuatingtsaid valves in proper timed relat1on.-

8. In an internal combustion engine the combination with a cylinder, of a passageway leading therefrom forming both an inlet and exhaust conduit, a valve controlling said passageway for both inlet and exhaust purposes, cam control means for said valve,

means for delivering fluid fuel to said pas- 7 sageway, and a mixture control valve intermediate the first mentioned valve and sai fuel supply means In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

NATHAN r, LEVIN. 

